My Fitbit Buzzed and I Understood Enshittification

How metrics-driven product development creates hostile user experiences

When individual contributors need metrics to prove value, they optimize for measurable engagement over user experience. This creates a predictable cycle: notification added to measure feature adoption, users annoyed, setting buried to preserve metrics, product gradually becomes hostile. The mechanism isn't malicious—each decision is locally rational—but the cumulative effect is enshittification.

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Questions this essay answers

  • Why do product teams optimize metrics over user experience?
  • How do metrics incentives lead to worse products over time?
  • What's the alternative to metrics-driven product development?
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